Tonearm Calibration

Tonearm calibration on a turntable involves setting the correct tracking force and anti-skate, which are crucial for optimal sound quality and for preventing damage to records and the stylus. This process ensures the stylus sits correctly in the record groove and moves evenly across the record.

Steps for Tonearm Calibration:

  1. Balance the Tonearm:
    Remove the stylus guard and set the anti-skate to zero.
    Carefully lift the tonearm and gently hold the headshell.
    Adjust the counterweight until the tonearm floats horizontally, balanced without tilting up or down.
    Once balanced, rotate the counterweight dial to zero, being careful not to move the weight itself.

  2. Set Tracking Force:
    Identify the recommended tracking force for your cartridge (usually found in the cartridge’s specifications).
    Turn the counterweight to apply the correct tracking force, as indicated on the dial.

  3. Set Anti-Skate:
    Set the anti-skate to the same value as the tracking force.
    A test record or a blank disc can be used to fine-tune the anti-skate setting by observing how the tonearm moves.

  4. Check and Adjust:
    A stylus tracking force gauge can be used to verify the tracking force.
    Re-check the balance and tracking force periodically, especially after replacing the stylus or cartridge.

  5. VTA Adjustment (Vertical Tracking Angle)
    Note: This adjustment is not applicable to all tonearms, only those that allow vertical height adjustment.
    The VTA determines the angle at which the stylus sits in the groove when the record is playing.
    To adjust the VTA, locate the tonearm height adjustment (often a locking collar or set screw near the tonearm base).
    Loosen the lock and raise or lower the tonearm so that the tonearm tube is parallel to the surface of the record when the stylus is resting in the groove.
    Re-tighten the lock securely.
    Fine adjustments can be made by ear: subtle changes in VTA can affect tonal balance and imaging.
    Re-check tracking force after adjusting VTA, as changes in height can slightly affect the effective tracking weight.

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