MM vs MC Phono Cartridges

Differences Between

Moving Magnet (MM) and Moving Coil (MC) Cartridges

Working Principle

Moving Magnet (MM) Cartridge:

  • The stylus is attached to a small moving magnet that moves near fixed coils.

  • The movement of the magnet induces an electrical signal in the coils.

Moving Coil (MC) Cartridge:

  • The stylus is attached to tiny moving coils that move within the field of a fixed magnet.

  • The coil movement generates the electrical signal.

Output Signal

  • MM: Relatively high output (~3–6 mV), compatible with standard phono preamps.

  • MC: Very low output (~0.2–0.5 mV), requires a high-gain phono preamp or step-up transformer.

Construction and Cost

  • MM: Generally simpler and more robust design; more affordable.

  • MC: More complex and delicate construction with ultra-light coils; usually more expensive.

Sound Quality and Characteristics

  • MM: Warmer, fuller sound; easier to match with many systems.

  • MC: Typically offers better resolution and detail, with a more transparent and refined sound.

Stylus Replacement

  • MM: Stylus (cantilever + needle) is usually user-replaceable.

  • MC: Stylus is generally non-replaceable; entire cartridge must be replaced.

Compatibility

  • MM: Works with almost all turntables equipped with standard phono inputs.

  • MC: Requires a dedicated MC phono stage or step-up transformer.